Research Summary

Carolyn S. Calfee, MD MAS is Professor of Medicine and Anesthesia at the University of California, San Francisco, where she attends in the intensive care units. Her primary academic focus is the pathogenesis and treatment of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Current research projects include: (1) molecular subphenotypes of ARDS and precision medicine in critical care; (2) the role of environmental exposures including smoking, air pollution, and novel tobacco products in susceptibility to lung injury; and (3) novel treatments for ARDS. During the COVID-19 pandemic, she has been the UCSF clinical lead and steering committee member for the NIAID-funded Immunophenotyping Assessment in a COVID-19 Cohort (IMPACC) study and she is one of the lead PI’s for the ISPY COVID clinical trial, a Phase 2 platform clinical trial of novel treatments for COVID-19 associated ARDS.

Research Funding

  • January 16, 2018 - December 31, 2024 - Precision Medicine in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Principal Investigator. Sponsor: NIH/NHLBI, Sponsor Award ID: R35HL140026
  • July 15, 2016 - June 30, 2021 - ARDS Endotypes: Expanded Analysis of Clinical and Biological Phenotypes and Evolution Over Time, Principal Investigator. Sponsor: NIH/NHLBI, Sponsor Award ID: K24HL133390
  • March 15, 2016 - February 28, 2020 - Molecular Endotypes of ARDS: Identification, Biology, and Differential Response to Therapy, Principal Investigator. Sponsor: NIH/NHLBI, Sponsor Award ID: R01HL131621
  • September 19, 2013 - August 31, 2018 - Improved Models to Inform Tobacco Product Regulation, Co-Investigator. Sponsor: NIH/NCI, Sponsor Award ID: P50CA180890

Education

Yale University, BA, 1991-1995, English
University of Pennsylvania, MD, 1995-1999, Medicine
University of California, San Francisco Internship/Residency, 1999-2002, Internal Medicine
University of California, San Francisco Chief Residency, 2002-2003, Internal Medicine
University of California, San Francisco Fellowship, 2003-2007, Pulmonary/Critical Care
University of California, San Francisco Masters in Clinical Research (expected), 2007-2009, Clinical Research

Honors & Awards

  • 1994
    Phi Beta Kappa, Yale University
  • 1995
    Bachelor of Arts awarded magna cum laude, with Distinction in the Major
  • 1998
    Alpha Omega Alpha, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
  • 1999
    Julia M. Glasgow Award, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
  • 1999
    Spencer Morris Prize, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
  • 2000
    Intern of the Year, University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine
  • 2005
    Walter Travel Award, American Lung Association
  • 2012
    Associate Scientific Advisor, Science Translational Medicine
  • 2013
    American Society for Clinical Investigation Young Physician-Scientist Award
  • 2013
    Highlighted abstract, 2013 American Thoracic Society International Conference (sr. author)
  • 2013
    Finalist, UCSF Pathways to Discovery Mentor Award

Selected Publications

  1. Sinha P, Calfee CS Immunotherapy in COVID-19: why, who, and when?  View on PubMed
  2. Tsitsiklis A, Zha B, Byrne A, DeVoe C, Levan S, Rackaityte E, Sunshine S, Mick E, Ghale R, Jauregui A, Neff N, Sarma A, Serpa P, Deiss T, Kistler A, Carrillo S, Ansel KM, Leligdowicz A, Christenson S, Jones N, Wu B, Darmanis S, Matthay M, Lynch S, DeRisi J, Consortium C, Hendrickson C, Kangelaris K, Krummel M, Woodruff P, Erle D, Rosenberg O, Calfee C, Langelier C Impaired immune signaling and changes in the lung microbiome precede secondary bacterial pneumonia in COVID-19.  View on PubMed
  3. Mac Sweeney R, Reddy K, Davies JC, Parker M, Kelly B, Elborn JS, Conlon J, Verghis RM, Calfee CS, Matthay MA, Alton EWFW, McAuley DF Transepithelial nasal potential difference in patients with, and at risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome.  View on PubMed
  4. Tsitsiklis A, Zha BS, Byrne A, Devoe C, Levan S, Rackaityte E, Sunshine S, Mick E, Ghale R, Jauregui A, Sarma A, Neff N, Serpa PH, Deiss TJ, Kistler A, Carrillo S, Ansel KM, Leligdowicz A, Christenson S, Jones N, Wu B, Darmanis S, Matthay MA, Lynch SV, DeRisi JL, COMET Consortium+ , Hendrickson CM, Kangelaris KN, Krummel MF, Woodruff PG, Erle DJ, Rosenberg O, Calfee CS, Langelier CR Impaired antibacterial immune signaling and changes in the lung microbiome precede secondary bacterial pneumonia in COVID-19.  View on PubMed
  5. van der Wijst MGP, Vazquez SE, Hartoularos GC, Bastard P, Grant T, Bueno R, Lee DS, Greenland JR, Sun Y, Perez R, Ogorodnikov A, Ward A, Mann SA, Lynch KL, Yun C, Havlir DV, Chamie G, Marquez C, Greenhouse B, Lionakis MS, Norris PJ, Dumont LJ, Kelly K, Zhang P, Zhang Q, Gervais A, Voyer TL, Whatley A, Si Y, Byrne A, Combes AJ, Rao AA, Song YS, UCSF COMET consortium , Fragiadakis GK, Kangelaris K, Calfee CS, Erle DJ, Hendrickson C, Krummel MF, Woodruff PG, Langelier CR, Casanova JL, Derisi JL, Anderson MS, Ye CJ Longitudinal single-cell epitope and RNA-sequencing reveals the immunological impact of type 1 interferon autoantibodies in critical COVID-19.  View on PubMed
  6. DeMerle KM, Angus DC, Baillie JK, Brant E, Calfee CS, Carcillo J, Chang CH, Dickson R, Evans I, Gordon AC, Kennedy J, Knight JC, Lindsell CJ, Liu V, Marshall JC, Randolph AG, Scicluna BP, Shankar-Hari M, Shapiro NI, Sweeney TE, Talisa VB, Tang B, Thompson BT, Tsalik EL, van der Poll T, van Vught LA, Wong HR, Yende S, Zhao H, Seymour CW Sepsis Subclasses: A Framework for Development and Interpretation.  View on PubMed
  7. Reddy K, Calfee CS, McAuley DF ARDS Subphenotypes Beyond the Syndrome: A Step Towards Treatable Traits?  View on PubMed
  8. Bos LDJ, Artigas A, Constantin JM, Hagens LA, Heijnen N, Laffey JG, Meyer N, Papazian L, Pisani L, Schultz MJ, Shankar-Hari M, Smit MR, Summers C, Ware LB, Scala R, Calfee CS Precision medicine in acute respiratory distress syndrome: workshop report and recommendations for future research.  View on PubMed
  9. Combes AJ, Courau T, Kuhn NF, Hu KH, Ray A, Chen WS, Chew NW, Cleary SJ, Kushnoor D, Reeder GC, Shen A, Tsui J, Hiam-Galvez KJ, Muñoz-Sandoval P, Zhu WS, Lee DS, Sun Y, You R, Magnen M, Rodriguez L, Im KW, Serwas NK, Leligdowicz A, Zamecnik CR, Loudermilk RP, Wilson MR, Ye CJ, Fragiadakis GK, Looney MR, Chan V, Ward A, Carrillo S, UCSF COMET Consortium , Matthay M, Erle DJ, Woodruff PG, Langelier C, Kangelaris K, Hendrickson CM, Calfee C, Rao AA, Krummel MF Global absence and targeting of protective immune states in severe COVID-19.  View on PubMed
  10. Leisman DE, Ronner L, Pinotti R, Taylor MD, Sinha P, Calfee CS, Hirayama AV, Mastroianni F, Turtle CJ, Harhay MO, Legrand M, Deutschman CS Assessing the importance of interleukin-6 in COVID-19 - Authors' reply.  View on PubMed
  11. Sarma A, Christenson S, Mick E, Deiss T, DeVoe C, Pisco A, Ghale R, Jauregui A, Byrne A, Moazed F, Spottiswoode N, Sinha P, Zha B, Neff N, Tan M, Serpa PH, Ansel KM, Wilson J, Leligdowicz A, Seigel E, Sirota M, DeRisi J, Matthay M, Consortium C, Hendrickson C, Kangelaris K, Krummel M, Woodruff P, Erle D, Calfee C, Langelier C COVID-19 ARDS is characterized by a dysregulated host response that differs from cytokine storm and is modified by dexamethasone.  View on PubMed
  12. Reilly JP, Meyer NJ, Shashaty MG, Anderson BJ, Ittner C, Dunn TG, Lim B, Forker C, Bonk MP, Kotloff E, Feng R, Cantu E, Mangalmurti NS, Calfee CS, Matthay MA, Mikacenic C, Walley KR, Russell J, Christiani DC, Wurfel MM, Lanken PN, Reilly MP, Christie JD The ABO histo-blood group, endothelial activation, and acute respiratory distress syndrome risk in critical illness.  View on PubMed
  13. Sinha P, Calfee CS, Delucchi KL Practitioner's Guide to Latent Class Analysis: Methodological Considerations and Common Pitfalls.  View on PubMed
  14. Bos LDJ, Brodie D, Calfee CS Severe COVID-19 Infections-Knowledge Gained and Remaining Questions.  View on PubMed
  15. Kangelaris KN, Clemens R, Fang X, Jauregui A, Liu T, Vessel K, Deiss T, Sinha P, Leligdowicz A, Liu KD, Zhuo H, Alder MN, Wong HR, Calfee CS, Lowell CA, Matthay MA A Neutrophil Subset Defined by Intracellular Olfactomedin 4 is Associated with Mortality in Sepsis.  View on PubMed
  16. Silva JD, Su Y, Calfee CS, Delucchi KL, Weiss D, McAuley DF, O'Kane C, Krasnodembskaya AD MSC extracellular vesicles rescue mitochondrial dysfunction and improve barrier integrity in clinically relevant models of ARDS.  View on PubMed
  17. Goligher EC, Zampieri F, Calfee CS, Seymour CW A manifesto for the future of ICU trials.  View on PubMed
  18. Matsumoto S, Fang X, Traber MG, Jones KD, Langelier C, Hayakawa Serpa P, Calfee CS, Matthay MA, Gotts JE Dose-Dependent Pulmonary Toxicity of Aerosolized Vitamin E Acetate.  View on PubMed
  19. Liu T, Deiss TJ, Lippi MW, Jauregui A, Vessel K, Ke S, Belzer A, Zhuo H, Kangelaris KN, Gomez AD, Matthay MA, Liu KD, Calfee CS Alternative Tobacco Product Use in Critically Ill Patients.  View on PubMed
  20. Benowitz NL, St Helen G, Nardone N, Addo N, Zhang JJ, Harvanko AM, Calfee CS, Jacob P Twenty-Four-Hour Cardiovascular Effects of Electronic Cigarettes Compared With Cigarette Smoking in Dual Users.  View on PubMed

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